wooden boxes for holding the grain.

floor of mill where the grain bins are situated.

wooden or iron brake shoe encircling the brake wheel.

the largest gear wheel, fixed on the windshaft. The brake contracts onto its wooden rim.

partly ground husk of grain. The outer coating of a grain of wheat, rye, barley, or corn.  

front of a post mill.

metal bar cemented into eye of runner stone to act as bearing for the top of the spindle.

the body of a post mill.

see Poll End.

corner posts of a mill.

the revolving top of a tower or smock mill.

the large central post which supports a post mill.

wheel turned by means of an endless chain. For winding mill or for working striking gear.

low stone or brick wall.

the wooden teeth (usually applewood) inserted into cast gear wheel to drive mill machinery.

sails with a wooden framework covered by canvas.         

millstone made from cement and carborundum.

circular track at the top of the tower or smock mill on which the cap turns.

multi-armed iron casting fixed to the end of the windshaft to carry the sails.

horizontal timbers at right angles which support the centre post of a post mill.

hole in the centre of the runner stone through which grain passes into the middle of the two stones.

a small windmill which is used to keep a windmill facing into the wind automatically.

platform at the rear of the cap of a smock or tower mill to provide access to the fantail fan at rear of cap which automatically turns it to face the wind.

guides grain from hopper into eye of stone.

machine for separating flour from the rest of the meal.

freshwater quartz stone from France used to mill wheat.

low part of pattern on the surface of millstones.

a platform around the cap.

automatic device which adjusts the distance between the stones as the sails turn faster or slower.

large gear wheel on the upright shaft driving the stone nuts.

the blend of different wheats a miller selects to make flour. Most flours are made from a mixture of wheats.

is carried on the windshaft in a post mill and has a brake around its circumference. It drives a stone nut.

high parts of pattern on the surfaces of millstones.

see winding.

the coarsest part of the wheat meal ground by a mill; the last product excepting the bran remaining after finer grades of flour are sifted out.

a chisel-ended tool used for dressing or sharpening the grinding surface of a millstone.

the name given to the rock quarried in Yorkshire and Derbyshire, and used in making Peak or Grey millstones.

the manorial law governing ownership, building and usage of mills.

the portion of ground meal retained by the miller as payment for his services. It tended to vary between one tenth and one twentieth, with one-sixteenth being common.

a craftsman who erected and maintained milling machinery. Early millwrights were specialist carpenters who at the start of the Industrial Revolution were pressed into service to build the earliest powered textile mills.

stones driven from above.

shuttered sails with self-regulating control gear to adjust their speed automatically.

millstone grit from the Peak District of Derbyshire used for grinding animal feeds.         

downward extension of the cap to cover the top of the tower against the weather.

brick supports of a trestle.

a cast iron socket at the end of the windshaft to hold the stocks.

a type of mill in which the body of the mill pivots about a central upright timber post to enable the sails to be faced into the wind (“winded”).

a mill in which fluted metal rollers are used in place of millstones.

use a canvas strip wound around a roller in place of shutters. The mill does not have to be stopped in order to adjust the sails.

building around the trestle of a post mill to protect it and provide storage.

top stone of a pair which is turned by the mill.         

the source of power in a windmill. They are carried on the windshaft. Most windmills had four sails, although some had five, six or even eight.

a machine used to separate usable grain from debris such as dirt, dust, and chaff.

a machine used to separate grain from other foreign objects, such as rocks, weeds, and twigs.

a series of hinged vanes in vertical rows in spring and patent sails.

mill with wooden tower, often on a stone or brick base, with a revolving cap.

removes the black spots of smut caused by a fungus disease that can grow on grain if its gets damp.

metal coupling operating the shutters of patent sails.

sails with shutters linked to a spring, the tension of which can be set manually so that the shutters will open and close according to wind strength.

a platform around the body of the mill.

heavy timbers to which the sails are fitted.

a man whose profession it is to re-sharpen (or dress) millstones.

the floor of the mill on which the millstones are located.

final gear at top of quant which drives the stones.

mechanism to open and close the shutters on sails.

the term sometimes used to describe the sails.         

the rear end of a post mill.

a long timber at the rear of a post mill or cap used to turn it manually.

wheel mounted at rear of windshaft to drive a second set of stones.

when a wind catches the sails from the rear; a strong tail wind has been known to blow the cap off the tower.

small beam attached to tail pole which when hooked to the ladder will lift it clear of the ground while the mill is being winded.

device to make fine adjustments to the gap between the millstones.

mill with a brick tower and revolving cap.

wooden substructure of a post mill supporting the main post.         

see VAT

stones driven from beneath.

blades of a fantail.

removable wooden case enclosing millstones.

horizontal gearwheel at top of upright shaft taking drive directly from the brake wheel.

the backbone of a sail or sweep.

wide board replacing the shutters on inner half of leading edge of sails.

process of turning sails into the eye of the wind.

main axle of iron or wood that carries the sails and brake wheel.